“Ship operations and environmental legislation have become more complex, and it has become increasingly difficult to assess or even define efficiency with consistency and accuracy,” said Rune Torhaug, director, strategic research & innovation, DNV GL. “We have therefore revisited the basic and universal laws of thermodynamics to develop a methodology based on exergy, sometimes called available energy, which is a metric for describing the maximum useful energy that can be derived from a process, component or system.”
The methodology can be adjusted to suit newbuilds still in the design phase or operating ships, and it is designed to help managers make the most out of their Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plans. Using both on board measurements and the DNV GL modeling suite COSSMOS, energy losses throughout the ship including hull, propulsion power train, machinery and electrical systems are quantified and ranked. Even difficult-to-capture processes such as throttling and fluid mixing can be incorporated.
The report includes an analysis of a waste heat recovery system. These complex systems can easily contain 70 components. “Through our exergy-based methodology, the true sources of useful energy losses were identified, revealing a picture far from self-evident. Subsequent optimization in DNV COSSMOS yielded an increase in fuel savings that halved the payback time of the system,” commented George Dimopoulos, senior researcher and project manager of this position paper.
When the main engine of an aframax tanker was analyzed using operating data in combination with COSSMOS modeling, the true sources of losses were identified with greater accuracy than a traditional energy analysis, according to Dimopoulos. “In fact, the standard energy analysis failed to identify the turbocharger as being the second largest contributor to exergy loss.”
With this ‘common currency’ for efficiency, DNV GL said that it provides a way of energy management that will work for all ships and all system and components that convert energy on board. It thus offers ship managers an unparalleled way of prioritizing investment in technology alternatives or new operational strategies.
